Microfinance Company Registration in India

Perfect for small traders and merchants
  • Regulatory Compliance:
  • Operational Risks:
  • Social Responsibility:
  • Interest Rate Regulations:
  • Capital Adequacy:

Features of Microfinance Companies

1

Target Audience:

Microfinance companies primarily focus on economically disadvantaged individuals, especially those in rural and semi-urban areas who lack access to mainstream financial services.
2

Loan Products:

They provide small-ticket loans, often without requiring collateral, to support income-generating activities, entrepreneurship, and self-employment opportunities.
3

Regulatory Framework:

Microfinance companies in India operate under the regulatory framework of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and must comply with specific guidelines and norms.

Understanding Microfinance Company Registration in India

Microfinance companies are integral to India’s financial ecosystem by offering financial services to underserved and low-income communities. These institutions provide small loans, savings accounts, and other financial products to individuals without access to traditional banking services, promoting financial inclusion and economic development.
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Key Features of Microfinance Companies

  • Target Audience: Microfinance companies primarily focus on economically disadvantaged individuals, especially those in rural and semi-urban areas who lack access to mainstream financial services.
  • Loan Products: They provide small-ticket loans, often without requiring collateral, to support income-generating activities, entrepreneurship, and self-employment opportunities.
  • Regulatory Framework: Microfinance companies in India operate under the regulatory framework of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and must comply with specific guidelines and norms.

Registration Process for an NBFC-MFI

Incorporation:
The company must be registered under the Companies Act, 2013, with a minimum net owned fund of ₹5 crore (₹2 crore for North Eastern states).
Application to RBI:
Submit an online application via the RBI's COSMOS portal. The application must also be physically submitted with the necessary documents to the respective regional RBI office.
RBI Approval:
The RBI will review the application, conduct due diligence, and grant a Certificate of Registration (CoR) once all conditions are satisfied, allowing the company to commence its microfinance operations.
Regulatory Compliance:
Strict adherence to RBI regulations is mandatory. Non-compliance can lead to penalties or even the cancellation of the company’s license.
Operational Risks:
Managing credit risk, particularly in unsecured lending, requires sound risk assessment and management practices.
Social Responsibility:
Striking a balance between profitability and the social mission of supporting low-income populations necessitates ethical business practices.
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